Ketubahs; Marriage certificates; Manuscripts, Hebrew -- 19th century
Description:
Bound compilation of manuscript marriage contracts for 62 couples married by George Jacobs between November 5, 1873, and November 13, 1881. Jacobs served as the rabbi of Congregation Beth El Emeth from 1869 to his death in 1884. His term followed that of Isaac Leeser, who founded the synagoge in 1857 and served as its rabbi until his death in 1868. Most weddings took place in Philadelphia, with two each in Doylestown and Lancaster, Pennsylvania; one each in Harrisburg, Manayunk, Abingdon, and Huntingdon, Pennsylvania; and one each in Richmond and Lynchburg, Virginia. Every ketubah is written in the hand of Jacobs, with the abridged ketubah text in a single block paragraph, justified by stretching characters, and his Hebrew name Gershon bar Mosheh S_imh_ah inscribed at the foot of each leaf. Ketubahs are signed by the groom and 2 witnesses. Congregational president Morris Rosenbach signed as witness on several occasions. Couples' English names, wedding date, and wedding location when not in Philadelphia recorded in English at the head of each leaf. The contracts were entered into the volume from left to right on the rectos, with versos left blank. Volume bound in blind-stamped leather, with gilt title on left cover; covers detached and spine damaged.
Personal Name:
Rosenbach, Morris
Corporate Name:
Congregation Beth El Emeth (Philadelphia, Pa.)
Contributor:
Jacobs, George, 1834-1884
Date:
19th century
Language:
Aramaic; Hebrew; English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Pamphlet announcing the opening of the Howard Association and their mission to help the poor through the distribution of food, clothing, medicine and fuel; 1715 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA
Cabinet photograph of an elderly woman wearing glasses and a hat [possibly Judith Finzi], by Edm Draper, Photographic Portraits; 1313 and 1315 Columbia Avenue, Corner of Park Avenue, Philadelphia, PA
Pin; Schwaabs & Son Co.; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States; 1898 October 25
Subject:
Pin-back buttons; Jewish merchants; Peace
Description:
Pin from the National Peace Jubilee, in the shape of a shield with an image of two hands shaking at the top and a dove with an olive branch in the middle. More olive branches wreath the bottom of the shield. A metal bow with an American flag print is at the top. On the back of the pin is stamped Schwaabs & Son Co.; Philadelphia, PA; Milwaukee, WI
Corporate Name:
Schwaabs & Son Co.
Date:
1898-10-25
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Letter; Neafie, Jacob; Levy, John P.; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1872 October 8
Description:
Letter re a claim from the Navy on Poor Rivets on a ship from Captain John P. Levy and Jacob Neafie, the two earliest iron shipbuilders in Philadelphia of Neafie and Levy Ship and Engine Building Co
Contract; Lit, Abe; Union Republican Club; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1933 June 3
Description:
Lit, Abe. Philadelphia, PA, Membership contract to become a member of the Union Republican Club of South Philadelphia, signed by Abe Lit, of Lit Brother's department store
Personal Name:
Lit, Abe
Corporate Name:
Union Republican Club
Date:
1933-06-03
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Glass; I. L. Lipschutz; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; undated
Subject:
Jewish merchants; House furnishings; Food industry and trade; Glassware
Description:
Shot glass from I. L. Lipschutz, advertising American Navy. Rye Whiskey Blend, with an image of sailors on boat looking out upon another ship; Philadelphia, PA
Corporate Name:
I. L. Lipschutz
Date:
unknown
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Pamphlet; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1863
Subject:
Pamphlets; Jews--Politics and government
Description:
Pamphlet called, The African slave trade: the secret purpose of the insurgents to revive it. No treaty stipulations against the slave trade to be entered into with the European power. Judah P. Benjamin's intercepted instructions to L.Q.C. Lamar; Philadelphia, PA
Date:
1863
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Report; Myers, Moses; New York, New York, United States; 1796 January 11
Subject:
Reports; Jews--Politics and government
Description:
Report of the Committee of Commerce and Manufacturers on the Petitions of John Deverux, William and Archibald M'Neal, Moses Myers, William Smith and Joshua Carter, and Wright White, Published by Order of the House of Representatives; New York, NY; Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Myers, Moses
Date:
1796-01-11
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Clipping; Szyk, Arthur; Philadelphia Inquirer; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1945 February 18
Subject:
War; Newspapers; Jewish artists
Description:
Clipping from the Philadelphia Inquirer with a piece Called Szyk Blasts Axis With War Satires, and a selection of four political cartoons about the Axis Powers; Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Szyk, Arthur
Corporate Name:
Philadelphia Inquirer
Date:
1945-02-18
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Pamphlet; George W. Childs; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1880
Subject:
Pamphlets; Judaism -- Customs and practices; Calendars
Description:
Pamphlet containing a public Ledger Almanac for 1880, published by George W. Childs, with images of the four seasons on the front cover and an image of the Public Ledger Building on the back cover. The Almanac contains a Hebrew Calendar; South West Corner of Sixth and Chestnut Streets, Philadelphia, PA
Corporate Name:
George W. Childs
Date:
1880
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Glass; I. L. Lipschutz; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; undated
Subject:
Jewish merchants; House furnishings; Food industry and trade; Glassware
Description:
Shot glass from I. L. Lipschutz, advertising American Navy. Rye Whiskey Blend, with an image of sailors on boat looking out upon another ship; Philadelphia, PA
Corporate Name:
I. L. Lipschutz
Date:
unknown
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Abraham; Bar Simcha, Shlomo (Zalman); Bas Yosef, Breynah; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1838
Description:
Kesuvah (Jewish Wedding Document) Between Groom Shlomo (Zalman) Bar Simcha and Bride Breynah Bas Yosef. Witnesses include Isaac Leeser and Abraham Hart. Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Abraham; Bar Simcha, Shlomo (Zalman); Bas Yosef, Breynah
Date:
1838
Language:
Aramaic
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Cabinet photograph of a man [possibly Simon Muhr] with a handlebar mustache, posed with hat in hand, by Gilbert & Bacon; 820 Arch Street, Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Muhr, Simon; Gilbert; Bacon
Corporate Name:
Gilbert & Bacon
Date:
unknown
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Cartes-de-visite of a woman in profile with dark hair held in a net and cheeks tinted pink, by J. W. Hurn. A handwritten inscription on the back claims that she is Ella E. Cozens. However, it is unclear when and by whom this inscription was written and if it is accurate; 1319 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA
Letter; Mayer Sulzberger, Attorney at Law; Sulzberger, Mayer; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1877 July 7
Subject:
Correspondence; Jewish judges; Letterheads
Description:
Letter from Sol. L. Haas to Mayer Sulzberger, written on Mayer Sulzberger, Attorney at Law letterhead, regarding Haas stopping by Sulzberger's office trying to get his advice on a paper, and reminding him that delays are costing him money; 29 South Sixth Street, Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Sulzberger, Mayer; Haas, Solomon L.
Corporate Name:
Mayer Sulzberger, Attorney at Law
Date:
1877-07-07
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
A slim, pre-printed volume comprising the daily purchases and sales of tobacco by Philadelphia tobacco merchant K. Straus & Co. spanning a little of over one year from 1893 to February 1894. Accounts were recorded on the pre-printed pages spanning one opening. Leaf tobacco purchased was entered on the rectos and leaf tobacco sold was entered on the versos. A printed heading across top of the two-leaf opening reads: Record of leaf tobacco purchased and sold by followed by blank lines. Written In the blank spaces is K. Straus & Co. at 122 N. 3rd St. Phila. The company purchased tobacco from various merchants from around the United States and Havana, Cuba. K. Straus & Co. tobacco sales served chiefly patrons of Pennsylvania, Delaware, and New Jersey area with occasional sales to customers in Charlottesville, Virginia.
Personal Name:
The company was founded by Karl Straus born in 1845 who was a Jewish German immigrant. Straus arrived in Philadelphia in 1867 and he began a wholesale liquor business. In 1888 he became a tobacco merchant opening his own company named K. Straus & Co. Straus died in 1920 leaving the business to his nephew Adolf Loeb who incorporated the company in 1922.
Letter; District Grand Lodge No. 3; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1890 August 31
Subject:
Correspondence; Religious organizations; Letterheads
Description:
Letter from M. K. Cohen, Secretary of the District Grand Lodge No. 3, written on organizational letterhead, to the president, officers and members of the District Grand Lodge No. 3 I. O. B. B.,[Independent Order B'nai B'rith] regarding memberships to the organization; Philadelphia, PA
Corporate Name:
District Grand Lodge No. 3; Independent Order B'nai B'rith
Date:
1890-08-31
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Letter from an illegible sender to Mayer Sulzberger, congratulating him on the address he gave at the Y.M.OT.A. of Philadelphia; 39 Broadway, New York, NY; Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Sulzberger, Mayer
Corporate Name:
Y.M.OT.A. of Philadelphia
Date:
1884-11-05
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Two advertising mirrors from N. Snellenburg & Co., Clothier, with sun emblem and the words G.P.M.C. OTHERS 30% in its center in brown; Fifth South and Passyunk Avenue, Philadelphia, PA
Corporate Name:
N. Snellenburg & Co.
Date:
unknown
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Broadside; Dropsie, Moses; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1862
Subject:
Broadsides (notices); Jewish lawyers
Description:
Two copies of a broadside with a list of prestigious firms and individuals who had sought legal advice from Moses Dropsie, written in French; Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Dropsie, Moses
Date:
1862
Language:
French
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Legal document; Tobias, Henry; J., W. & E. Ward; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1839 February 20
Subject:
Lawyers; Business records; Legal documents
Description:
Legal document grants Henry and Charles Tobias power of attorney to conduct business for the firm J., W. & E. Ward, witnessed by the public notary, Edward Hurst; Philadelphia, PA; New York, NY
Letter written cross hatched from Dr. Isaac Hays to his wife, Sarah Hays, who was visiting her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Minis; Savannah, GA; Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Hays, Isaac; Minis, Isaac; Hays, Sarah
Date:
1837-11-05
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Billhead; Weil, Theodore; Theodore Weil & Co.; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1881 June 25
Subject:
Billheads; Jewish merchants; Dry-goods; International trade; Business records; Financial records
Description:
Billhead for Theodore Weil & Co., Importers and Jobbers of Hosiery, Gloves, Notion, &c., bought by Honing & Schutee, for $62.24; 345 Market Street Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Weil, Theodore; Bachenheimer, L.; Honing; Schutee
Corporate Name:
Theodore Weil & Co.
Date:
1881-05-25
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Letter; Green, Jacob; Academy of Natural Sciences; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; Baltimore, Maryland, United States; 1837 April 4
Subject:
Correspondence; Manuscripts (documents)
Description:
Letter from Dr. Jacob Green to Dr. J. J. Cohen about returning fossils to Cohen that he examined and used for a paper delivered at Academy of Natural Science in Philadelphia on 1/24/1837. He says he will send a copy of speech when delivered; Philadelphia, PA; Baltimore, MD
Personal Name:
Green, Jacob
Corporate Name:
Academy of Natural Sciences
Date:
1837-04-04
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Monetary; Moss, Joseph L.; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1854 November 7
Subject:
Jewish capitalists and financiers; Negotiable instruments; Loans; Financial records
Description:
Loan certificate from the city of Philadelphia with vignettes of Philadelphia City Hall, a locomotive, the dockside wharf, George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, a cobbler, and a woman carrying wheat, amongst others, to Joseph L. Moss, for $3,800; Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Moss, Joseph L.
Date:
1854-11-07
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Commercial document; Reizenstein; Reizenstein Bros.; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1874
Subject:
Leaflets (printed works); Clothing trade; Advertisements; Promotional material
Description:
Leaflet with price list for Reizenstein Bros., Manufacturers and Jobbers of Youth's, Boys' and Children's Clothing; 424 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Reizenstein
Corporate Name:
Reizenstein Bros.
Date:
1874
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Record; Hayes, Isaac Israel; U. S. A. General Hospital; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1864 July 12
Subject:
Records (documents); Jewish doctors; War
Description:
Document recording the transfer of Private Dennis Prestonfrom Sattler U. S. A. General Hospital, to the Provost Marshal in Philadelphia, signed by Dr. Isaac Israel Hayes; Philadelphia, PA
Letter; Solis, David H.; Committee of Public Safety of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1861 April 26
Subject:
Correspondence; Reprographic copies
Description:
Copy of a letter from John Hutchinson on behalf of the Committee of Public Safety of Philadelphia to David H. Solis, Esq., thanking him for his $50.00 check; Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Solis, David H.
Corporate Name:
Committee of Public Safety of Philadelphia
Date:
1861-04-26
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Cabinet photograph; Cohillman, P. E.; P. E. Cohillman; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; undated
Subject:
Photography; Photographs; Cabinet photographs
Description:
Cabinet photograph of Milton J. Roseman, a clean shaven young man with dark hair, by P. E. Cohillman, Artistic Photographer; 914 Arch Street, Philadelphia, PA
Pamphlet; Dropsie, Moses A.; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; undated
Subject:
Pamphlets; Jews--Politics and government
Description:
Pamphlet called, Synopsis of Argument Before the Judiciary Committee of the Senate of Pennsylvania by Moses A. Dropsie on Bills Relating to Arrests of Private Persons and Payment of Fine and Penalties to Private Corporations; Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Dropsie, Moses A.
Date:
unknown
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Card; Schneideman, Dr.; Wills' Eye Hospital; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1893 December 19
Subject:
Cards (information artifacts); Jewish doctors; Medicine
Description:
Appointment card for free services at Will's Eye Hospital with Dr. Schneideman, assistant surgeon with instructions in German, Yiddish and Italian; Race Street, Between 18th and 19th, Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Schneideman, Dr.
Corporate Name:
Wills' Eye Hospital
Date:
1893-12-19
Language:
English; German; Yiddish; Italian
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Postcard advertising D. Schorsch, Shirt Waists Made to Order at Short Notice. Walking Skirts, Shirt Waist Dresses, Tea Gowns, with an image of woman in a shirt waist; 1613 Chestnust Street, Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Schorsch, D.
Corporate Name:
D. Schorsch
Date:
1898
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Invitation; Munro, Dana; Mikveh Israel; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1902 February 16
Subject:
Social stationary; Lectures; Paintings (visual works); Religious communities
Description:
Invitation to Professor Dana Monro's lecture on Jews and the United States, followed by the presentation of a painting of Dr. Morais by Meyer Danzig to Mikveh Israel; Seventh above Arch Street, Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Munro, Dana; Morais, Sabato
Corporate Name:
Mikveh Israel
Date:
1902-02-16
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Broadside; Weil, Abraham; Court of Common Pleas of the County of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1898 April 18
Subject:
Broadsides (notices); Law
Description:
Broadside with a list of Special Jurors for March Term, 1898 for the Court of Common Pleas, No. 3., of the County of Philadelphia, room E., amongst whom was Abraham Weil; Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Weil, Abraham
Corporate Name:
Court of Common Pleas of the County of Philadelphia
Date:
1898-04-18
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Envelope; Teller, Benj, F.; Tellers Real Estate Registry; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1897 October 8
Subject:
Envelopes; Jewish merchants; Periodicals
Description:
Envelope from Tellers Real Estate Registry, A Weekly Guide for Investors, Owners and Renters, put forth by Benj. F. Teller & Bro., to John T. Greene, Esq., with images of buildings and newsletter; 606 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Teller, Benj, F.; Teller, Jos. R.
Corporate Name:
Tellers Real Estate Registry; Benj. F. Teller & Bro.
Date:
1897-10-08
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Invitation; Elmaleh, Leon H.; Mickve Israel Literary Association; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1908 March 18
Subject:
Social stationary; Amusements; Religious institutions; Holidays
Description:
Invitation to Ester, The Queen, a Dramatic Episode by Rev. Leon H. Elmaleh, produced by Mickve Israel Literary Association, with a dance afterward; 1405 Oxford Street, Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Elmaleh, Leon H.
Corporate Name:
Mickve Israel Literary Association; Columbia Club
Date:
1908-03-18
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Letter; Rosengarten, J. G.; University of Pennslyvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1897 December 27
Subject:
Correspondence; Pamphlets; Lectures; Money
Description:
Pamphlet and letter from Morris Jastrow, to an unknown recipient. The letter is a request for $25 from twenty people to underwrite lectures to be given by Canon Cheyne at the University of Pennslyvania and the pamphlet advertises the aformentioned lectures; Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Rosengarten, J. G.; Sailer, T. H. P.
Corporate Name:
University of Pennslyvania
Date:
1897-12-27
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
Catalog; Sailer, Isaac D.; Isaac D. Sailer; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; undated
Subject:
Specialty store; Jewish merchants; Tobacco industry
Description:
Catalog from Isaac D. Sailer for Cigars, Only by the Box and Only to the Consumer. The Front has an image of a skull/face and the back has an image of a box of cigars; 1524 and 1526 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA
Personal Name:
Sailer, Isaac D.
Corporate Name:
Isaac D. Sailer
Date:
unknown
Language:
English
Rights:
http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?
Collection:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Modern American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)
